The opening dates back to the spring. About two months ago, a case of tuberculosis was detected in the college at Isère. France Blue this Wednesday, emphasizing that the patient, isolated and placed under treatment, is in good health as of today. Under strict guidelines, a quarter of Vinay’s students, ie 150 out of 600 students, will have to be tested, the parents, who were called last Monday to clarify the situation, learned. This large-scale screening, carried out with the help of a blood test and an X-ray of the lungs, will be free and paid for by the Grenoble TB Center, it was specified.
If cases remain rare in France, this disease, which could once again become the world’s deadliest infectious disease ahead of Covid-19, is of growing concern to health authorities. In 2021, the number of deaths associated with it rose for the first time in twenty years.
Route of transmission and symptoms
Tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs and sometimes other organs such as the kidneys or internal organs, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, also called Koch’s bacillus after its discoverer. It can present with cough, chest pain, weight loss, bloody sputum, or extreme fatigue, but in 90% of cases the disease remains dormant and infected people do not show symptoms.
It is transmitted most often by airborne droplets through saliva secreted by coughing, sneezing, spitting, but infection still requires prolonged contact with an infected person. Thus, in countries where the disease is not very common, such as France, an infected person is considered to infect less than one person (R0 less than 1). In countries where the disease is rampant, an untreated patient can infect 10 to 15 people a year.
- Tuberculosis: WHO warns of rising deaths in Europe
Tuberculosis is treated with antibiotics such as rifampicin and isoniazid and is cured in more than 85% of cases. In France, 100% sickness coverage is provided by the social security system. We remind you that the BCG vaccine has not been mandatory since 2007 in France, but “recommended” for children “are at high risk of getting TB” du the fact of their environment or place of residence.
Three forms
TB infection includes latent TB infection (LTBI), which most commonly affects infants and children without being contagious and rarely causes symptoms, and TB disease (TB disease), which is accompanied by symptoms similar to those mentioned above.
But a third form of TB, multidrug-resistant TB (MR-TB), also develops over several years, often due to non-compliance (treatment poorly dosed or not long enough). The antibiotic-resistant latter is treated with second-line drugs, which are more toxic and expensive, hence the concern of the health authorities. For comparison, in 2021, rifampicin-resistant TB accounted for one in three detected cases.
- Tuberculosis: 14% more deaths in two years, rise in new cases… the disease is back
According to the latest available data, lung disease claimed the lives of 27,300 Europeans in the same year, compared with 27,000 the previous year. With approximately 4,900 and 3,600 deaths respectively, Russia and Ukraine are the most affected countries.
Globally, WHO already expressed concern in October about the increase, again for the first time in more than twenty years, in new cases of tuberculosis in the world in 2021. According to his data.
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