Antibiotic resistance is a natural phenomenon that is exacerbated by other factors.
Researchers have developed statistical models to better understand the global dynamics of this resistance.
In particular, it shows that general consumption of antibiotics is not the main cause of most bacteria.
Antibiotic resistance is a natural phenomenon that is exacerbated by other factors.
Researchers have developed statistical models to better understand the global dynamics of this resistance.
In particular, it shows that general consumption of antibiotics is not the main cause of most bacteria.
How to explain the rise in antibiotic resistance? The answer to this question is undoubtedly as complex as the phenomenon itself, natural, of course, but also and, above all, reinforced by the influence of many factors. However, in a context where the threat to public health is very real, a recent study by scientists from the Institut Pasteur, Inserm and the Universities of Paris-Saclay and Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines allows us to see more clearly.
To better understand the global dynamics of this resistance, which increases the risk of easily controlled pathologies becoming fatal again, these researchers actually developed a statistical model based on large-scale spatiotemporal analysis. Their findings, published in Lancet Planetary Healthshow that the dynamics and factors associated with antibiotic resistance depend on combinations of bacteria and antibiotics.
Unexpected conclusions
In more detail, he shows, in particular, that the good quality of the country’s health care system is associated with a low level of antibiotic resistance in all bacteria studied. Conversely, high temperatures are associated with high levels of antibiotic resistance only in enterobacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae).
“However, surprisingly, the consumption of antibiotics in the country is not associated with resistance in the majority of bacteria tested.” can be read on the Inserm website, where it is emphasized that it is not worth “for quinolone intake in quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa or carbapenem intake in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii”.
Model applicable “to other databases”
“This study highlights the diversity of determinants leading to global antibiotic resistance in various pathogenic bacteria and the need to adapt approaches to control resistance to local conditions (country, context of transmission) and to the combination of bacteria and antibiotics under consideration,” concludes Philipp Glaser, Head of the Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance at the Pasteur Institute and co-author of the study.
“Our statistical model can be applied to other databases, such as the WHO database. Better knowledge of the determinants of resistance, which differ between countries and perhaps between regions of the same country, is essential and will allow for tailoring public health action.”emphasizes for her part Lulla Opatowski, professor at the University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines and researcher in the department of epidemiology and modeling of antimicrobial resistance, co-author of the study.
- Children are prescribed too many antibiotics: why they should not be abused
For comparison, in 2019, 1.27 million deaths worldwide were a direct result of antibiotic resistance, and 4.95 million were related to it.
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